Unequal by Design: A Historical Perspective on Economic Inequality Across Communities

July 8, 2025

The third section of the Economic Inequality series traces how unfair labor practices, racial discrimination, and government policies shaped immigrant and Black labor from the 19th century to the present. 

It examines key historical moments from European immigrant contributions to union exclusions showing how these patterns fuel today’s labor inequalities. Under the current administration, deportations have surged, worker protections have weakened, and regulatory power has declined. Understanding these patterns is essential to crafting more substantial labor protections in the present.

Download the full paper here.

Unequal by Design: A Historical Perspective on Economic Inequality Across Communities

May 19, 2025

The second section of the Economic Inequality series explores who got to own and build in America, how land was used to create opportunity for some and erase it for others, and what policy solutions are necessary to confront this legacy and build a fair future for all. The paper will further examine policies that created deep economic, educational, and social inequities that continue to define today’s wealth gap. 

Download the full paper here.

Unequal by Design: A Historical Perspective on Economic Inequality Across Communities 

March 31, 2025

The first section of the Economic Inequality series explores how race, geography, class, and government policies contribute to economic inequality in the U.S. Racial disparities, driven by practices like redlining and wage gaps, hinder wealth accumulation and opportunity. Geographic divides highlight the economic struggles of White rural communities and the shift of poverty from cities to suburbs. Class also plays a key role, with wage stagnation, generational poverty, and limited education access worsening inequality. The paper further examines how early gaps in education and healthcare restrict upward mobility and suggests comprehensive policy reforms to address these inequalities.

Download the full section here.