Category: RESEARCH REPORTS

To understand the racial economic disparities in the United States, it is imperative to consider their historical roots. Slavery legally classified Africans as property, laying the foundation for lasting systemic inequalities. Subsequent eras, including Reconstruction, Jim Crow laws, and mid-20th century discriminatory policies, further entrenched economic disenfranchisement among African Americans. These historical injustices have created a persistent wealth gap, evident in the exclusion of African Americans from opportunities for homeownership and quality education. Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs) were established in the 1960s to address these disparities. They received additional support from the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 and the CDFI Fund in 1994. Despite their mission and potential, Black-led CDFIs often receive less capital and representation compared to White-led counterparts in programs like the CDFI Fund’s Financial Assistance (FA) Program, New Markets Tax Credit (NMTC) Program, and Small Dollar Loan (SDL) Program. The inequities in federal funding awards to Black-led institutions significantly impact the African American community. While the wealth gap is complex, targeted policy recommendations can promote community empowerment and sustainable development, leading to economic justice.

This research will analyze these funding disparities and propose actionable policy changes to bridge the gap.

Diversity Equity and Inclusion initiatives emerged in response to increasing awareness of systemic inequalities and underrepresentation across various social sectors. The movement traces its roots to the civil rights era, gaining momentum through affirmative action policies in the late 20th century. Initially, DEI efforts focused on addressing racial and gender disparities in employment and education, aiming to create more diverse and inclusive environments. Workplace DEI and affirmative action programs are guided by Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and other federal and state employment anti-discrimination laws to prohibit discrimination against employees and job applicants based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, or age. Over time, DEI initiatives have transitioned from niche programs to mainstream corporate and institutional practices. This shift reflects a broader recognition of the business case for diversity and equity, with organizations acknowledging the benefits of diverse perspectives and inclusive cultures. However, the politicization of DEI has also become apparent, particularly in contemporary discourse where debates around diversity, equity, and inclusion intersect with broader sociopolitical issues. This politicization has led to polarization and differing interpretations of the goals and strategies of DEI initiatives.

This paper seeks to analyze the prevalent and politicized aspects of DEI across three key domains: higher education, the workplace, and the enduring effects on Black women and Black women in leadership. It delves into a brief historical background of DEI initiatives, exploring their roots and consequential impacts derived from those initiatives supported by statistical evidence. Furthermore, this paper offers actionable recommendations for implementation whilst navigating anti-DEI challenges from opponents weaponizing years of strides to minimize disparities faced by BIPOC individuals.